Title |
A common antimicrobial additive increases colonic inflammation and colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis in mice
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Published in |
Science Translational Medicine, May 2018
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DOI | 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4116 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Haixia Yang, Weicang Wang, Kymberleigh A Romano, Min Gu, Katherine Z Sanidad, Daeyoung Kim, Jun Yang, Birgitta Schmidt, Dipak Panigrahy, Ruisong Pei, Derek A Martin, E Ilker Ozay, Yuxin Wang, Mingyue Song, Bradley W Bolling, Hang Xiao, Lisa M Minter, Guang-Yu Yang, Zhenhua Liu, Federico E Rey, Guodong Zhang |
Abstract |
Triclosan (TCS) is a high-volume chemical used as an antimicrobial ingredient in more than 2000 consumer products, such as toothpaste, cosmetics, kitchenware, and toys. We report that brief exposure to TCS, at relatively low doses, causes low-grade colonic inflammation, increases colitis, and exacerbates colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. Exposure to TCS alters gut microbiota in mice, and its proinflammatory effect is attenuated in germ-free mice. In addition, TCS treatment increases activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in vivo and fails to promote colitis in Tlr4-/- mice. Together, our results demonstrate that this widely used antimicrobial ingredient could have adverse effects on colonic inflammation and associated colon tumorigenesis through modulation of the gut microbiota and TLR4 signaling. Together, these results highlight the need to reassess the effects of TCS on human health and potentially update policies regulating the use of this widely used antimicrobial. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 97 | 28% |
United Kingdom | 26 | 8% |
Canada | 15 | 4% |
India | 8 | 2% |
France | 7 | 2% |
Mexico | 4 | 1% |
Spain | 4 | 1% |
Australia | 4 | 1% |
New Zealand | 3 | <1% |
Other | 24 | 7% |
Unknown | 154 | 45% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 262 | 76% |
Scientists | 48 | 14% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 30 | 9% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 6 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 169 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 15% |
Researcher | 21 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 9% |
Student > Master | 14 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 6% |
Other | 34 | 20% |
Unknown | 49 | 29% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 26 | 15% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 23 | 14% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 11% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 16 | 9% |
Chemistry | 6 | 4% |
Other | 22 | 13% |
Unknown | 58 | 34% |